Links 95

Remember: history is an intersection of time and place, so to find maps of an event, be sure to check both Time and Place. To find maps of Medieval England, for example, check both the Middle Ages and Great Britain.

* Natural History
o Paleontology
o Modern Environmental Crisis
* Human History organized by Place rather than Time:
o World
o Europe
+ Great Britain
+ East Europe
o Asia and Africa
+ China
+ India
o America
+ Canada
+ United States
* Human History organized by Time rather than Place:
o Antiquity
+ Egypt
+ Bible
+ Greece
+ Rome
o Middle Ages
+ Byzantine Empire
+ Trade
+ Mongols
o Modern Era
+ Literature
+ Napoleon
+ Early Colonial Africa
+ United States:
# Revolution
# Civil War
o 20th Century
+ Historical Maps
+ Narrative Histories
o World War I
o Spanish Civil War
o World War II
o Cold War
o Israel
o Korean War
o Vietnam War
o Gulf War
* Parallel History
o The Odd
o The Future
* Reference
o Map Libraries
o General History
* Classification Guide: What do the stars and stuff mean?


Detailed Chronological List of Maps and Atlases:
Natural History


* Paleogeography:
o Global Earth History (***** MIA)
o Paleomap Project, floating continents (@*****)
o Global Plate Motions (*****)
o Geological Evolution of the Earth (***)
o Mesozoic Maps (***)
o Early Jurassic (*)
o Breakup of Pangaea (**)
o Paleo-Maps (***)
o Paleogeographic (@**)
o Ancient Earth (***)
o Dinosaur Extinction Asteroid (*)
* Late Cenozoic
o Homo: habilis, erectus and neandertalensis (** MIA)
o Global land environments since the last interglacial (***)
o Palaeovegetation since the last glacial maximum. (***)
o Paleovegetation (***)
o Retreat of American Glaciers (***)
o Beringia (**)
o Pleistocene Extinctions in North America (*)
* Shark Attacks, 1580-1999 (***)
* Global Warming (**)
* Environmental Deterioration, Before and After
o Our Living Resources, USGS (*****)
o Decline
+ Aral Sea (*)
+ Aral Sea (*)
+ Asian elephants (*)
+ Asiatic Lion (**)
+ Big cats, such as cheetahs and lions. (***)
+ Bison (*)
+ Bison (*)
+ Canids, such as wolves and African wild dogs (**)
+ Cheetahs (*)
+ Endangered Animals (***)
+ Eskimo Curlews (***)
+ Eskimo Curlews (* MIA)
+ Extinct mammals and birds, worldwide, since 1500 (**)
+ Florida Panthers, (@**)
+ Forests (*)
+ Forests (***)
+ Forests (***)
+ Forests in the US (*)
+ Great Auks (*)
+ Grizzly Bears (*)
+ Grizzly Bears (*)
+ Kakapo (*)
+ North American Carnivores (***)
+ Rain Forests (@*)
+ Rhinoceroses (*** MIA)
+ Right Whales (* MIA)
+ Sea Otters (*)
+ Tapirs: Malayan, Mountain, Baird's, (***)
+ Tigers
# Tigers
# Tigers
# Tigers
# Tigers MIA
# Tigers MIA
o Expansion
+ Alien plants (*)
+ Armadillos (**)
+ Exotic imports (*)
+ Fire Ants, pp.244-246 (***)
+ Fire Ants (**)
+ Gypsy Moths (*****)
+ Humans (*)
+ Invasive Plants (***)
+ Japanese beetle (**)
+ Killer Bees (*)
+ Killer Bees (*)
+ Killer Bees (*)
+ Zebra Mussels (@**)
+ Zebra Mussels (***)

World History


* General World History:
o OSSHE Historical & Cultural Atlas Resource, mostly Ancient and American. (@*****)
o World History: attitudes and events ... (*****)
o Atlas-historique.net. History of the world from 1815 to today. (*****)
o Cartes [etc.] pour l'histoire et la geographie au college. Historical maps from 1600 onward (*****)
o Norton: Africa, America, Asia, Europe and Pacific (*****)
o Military History (*****)
o Hyperhistory (*****)
o WHKMLA Historical Atlas (*****)
o Le Dessous des Cartes. A geopolitical magazine with background to current events. (*****)
o Historical Atlas by William R. Shepherd, 1923, from the University of Texas (****)
o Ragz-International, Historical World Maps (****)
o The Encyclopedia of World History, Bartleby (****)
o Ancestry.com, Map Center (****)
o HIST 130A/130B: Modern World History (****)
o History classes (****)
o Historical and Political Maps of the Modern Age: Huge and detailed maps of provincial, district, and local boundaries. (***)
o The Millennium, antique maps of the world. (***)
o A Short History of the World, HG Wells, 1922, list of illustrations, including maps. Black & white. (***)
o Karten zur Geschichte (***)
o World Civilizations, from Washington State University, mostly Ancient and Asian (***)
o History 101 (*** MIA)
o History 101, to 1648 (*** MIA)
o Atlas of Forgotten Nations (**)
o Human Population through History (*)

Places


* General European History
o Periodical Historical Atlas, Europe and the Near East at hundred-year intervals, 1-1500 CE (*****)
o Storia visiva d'Europa (*****)
o Historical atlas of Europe The developement of Europe's modern states 1648-2001 (*****)
o Europe, 1066-1995 (***)
o BBC: 20th Century Europe (@***)
o Europe: 1721-1932, 1949 (***)
o Central Europe, Rootsweb (****)
* Great Britain
o Gardiner's Atlas of English History, 1892 (**** MIA)
o Great Britain, 400-1892 CE: from Gardiner's Atlas of English History (***)
o Ayrshire Roots (****) Anglophonic world
o Roman Britain (**)
o Britain in the Roman and Saxon Eras (***)
o Battle of Bannockburn (**)
o Tudor England (***)
o Antique maps of Great Britain (****)
o English Counties (****)
o Literary Map of Britain (#*)
o British Empire (***)
o British Empire (***)
o London
+ 1827 (****)
+ 1859 (****)
+ 1889 (****)
* Ireland History in Maps (*****) [won't work if cookies are disabled]
* Ireland (*****)
* Iberian Peninsula (**** MIA)
* El Atlas de Historia de Aragon (***** MIA)
* Eastern Europe
o East and Central Europe: from the Federation of East European Family History Societies. Antique maps of Austria, Russia, Prussia, etc in the late 19th and Early 20th Centuries. (****)
o Historical Maps of the Balkans (***)
o Hapsburg-related maps (***)
o Serbia, Yugoslavia, etc. since 1815: from the NY Times (***)
o Albanian ethnic areas (*** MIA)
o Austria-Hungary, 1848 (*)
o Finland (****)
o Greece (***)
o Greece (***)
o Hungary (**** MIA)
o Hungary (*** MIA)
o Macedonia (***)
o Macedonia on old maps (***)
o Poland, 1772-1995 (***)
o Ukraine (****)
o Yugoslavia: Ethnic Maps (***)
* United States: see below
* Canada
o Territorial Evolution of Canada (*****)
o Historical Atlas of Canada (*****)
o Canpix Canadian Image Database (**** MIA)
o Canadian History (***)
* Asian and African History Across Time
o Palestine: From Biblical times to the 20th Century (***)
o Jerusalem in Old Maps (****)
o Jerusalem Gate (***)
o Silk Road (*****)
o African History (***)
o Libya (***)
o Cameroon (**)
o Soviet Asia (***)
* India
o South Asian History (**** MIA)
o Indian History (***)
o India (***)
o Early Modern India (**)
* China
o Brooklyn College (***)
o UNC (*** MIA)
o EMuseum, Minnesota State (***)
o Chinese Dynasties (***)
o Art History (click in the chart under "maps") (***)
o Arts of Asia (***)
o Visual Sourcebook (***)
o Historic Borders (**)

Ancient World


* Ancient History
o Classical Eurasia (***)
o Hyperhistory (***)
o Ancient Near East (***)
o History 370 (***)
o Territorial Expansion of the Roman World (***)
o Ancient Near East, mineral resources (*)
o Ancient World (**)
o Ancient Orient (*)
o Society of Ancients (*** MIA)
* Babylon (*)
* Harappan sites (*)
* Ancient Egypt:
o Ancient Near East (***)
o Ancient Egypt (*)
o Ancient Egypt (*)
o City of Akhetaten (**)
* Biblical Era
o Bible Atlas (*****)
o Bible Maps (*****)
o E-Bible Teacher (*****)
o Bible History: Old and New Testaments, Geography (***)
o Bible Maps: black & white (***)
o Bible Maps, from the Blueletter Bible (***)
o Bible Study (***)
o Bible Study Tools (***)
o Digital Graphic Bible (***)
o Four Kingdoms Flowing out of Babylon (***)
o Goodnews Christian Ministry (***)
o Age of the Patriarchs (*)
o Jerusalem (**)
o Archaeological Israel (**)
o Regions of Jesus and Paul (**)
o The Siege of Jerusalem 70 C.E. (**)
o Cities in Revelation (*)
o Spread of Christianity (**)
* Zhou China, 1027-771 BCE (*)
* Bronze Age Trade (*)
* Assyria (* MIA)
* Ancient Greece:
o Herodotus (***)
o Ancient Athens (** MIA)
o Ancient Greece (**)
o Plato's World (***)
o Ancient Greece (*)
o Ancient Greece (** MIA)
o Alexander the Great: Huge and detailed map or small, animated map (@**)
o Alexander (* MIA)
o Alexander (*)
o Alexander (**)
o The Battle of Issus (* MIA)
* NamViet, 211 BCE (*)
* British Megaliths (*****)
* Celtic Tribes (*)
* Gaul (***)
* Carthaginians (*)
* Parthia (***)
* Parthia (*)
* Kushan Empire (**)
* Roman Empire:
o An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors: similar maps to the Periodical Historical Atlas. (*****)
o Atlas historique de l'Antiquité tardive: Historical Atlas of Late Antiquity. Detailed maps of the western world in ancient times, 380-660 CE (*****)
o Digitator (#*****)
o Roman Atlas, from 19th Century sources (****)
o Scale model of Rome (#**)
o Illustrated History of the Roman Empire: City, Empire and Italy (#***)
o Roman Empire (***)
o World in the First Century C.E.: Roman provinces and global trade (**)
o Battle of Trebbia (** MIA)
o Trajan's Rome (***)
o Ancient City of Rome (***)
o Waters of the City of Rome (#***)
o Roman Empire (**)
o Roman Empire (**)
o City of Rome (**)
o Forma Urbis Romae (#**)
o Italy about 500 BCE
o Roman Empire (**)
o Rome, 117 CE (**)
o Roman Empire (**)
o Roman Empire (*)
o Roman Empire
o Language Map of Ancient Italy (*)
o Growth of Roman Dominions under the Empire (* MIA)
o Roads (*)

Medieval World


* General Middle Ages
o Internet Medieval Sourcebook, Maps & Images. Many scanned from Muir's Historical Atlas (1911) (****)
o Medieval Eurasia (***)
o Middle Ages (***)
o Hyperhistory (***)
o Early Medieval era: Justinian, Franks, Charlemagne (** MIA)
o Late Medieval Europe (*)
* Byzantine Empire
o Outline (***)
o French (***)
o Animated (@**)
o New Rome (*** MIA)
* Mayans (**)
* Mayans (***)
* Ancient Mexico: Classic, pre- and post- (***)
* Islam
o Arab Gateway (***)
o University of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Religious Studies: I don't know whether this or this is the definitive list of maps on this site, but they have many maps scanned from An Historical Atlas of Islam (Brice, 1981) and Historical Atlas of the Muslim Peoples (Roolvink, 1957) (****)
o Many of the U.Pa. maps of Moslem history are duplicated at Princeton. (***)
o Arabia, 625 CE, and the Muslim Empire, 750 CE (**)
o Arab Empire (*)
* Charlemagne's Empire (*)
* Louis the Pious (***)
* Khazaria (***)
* Khazars (**)
* Russia, 1054-1533 (***)
* Viking Routes (** MIA)
* The Viking world (***)
* Voyage to Vinland (* MIA)
* Anglo-Saxon England (*)
* Anglo-Saxon Britain (*)
* Holy Roman Empire (*)
* Medieval Trade
o Europe (*)
o West Africa (**)
o Asia (**)
o Indian Ocean (**)
o Silk Road
+ Silk Road (**)
+ Silk Road (* MIA)
+ Silk Road (*)
* Spanish Reconquest (**)
* Spanish Reconquest (*)
* Albigensian Crusade (** MIA)
* Cahokia (**)
* North American archeological sites (**)
* Mongols
o Genghis Khan's Empire, 1227 (**)
o Mongol Empire (*)
o Timur (d. 1405) (**)
o Marco Polo (*)
* Ancient Cultures of the Four Corners (*)
* Islam in Indonesia (**)
* Ming Voyages (*)
* Empires of Western Sudan (**)
* The Hundred Years War, 1337-1453 (***)
* 100-Years War, Last Phase (**)
* Growth of France (**)
* Black Death: in Europe and Asia (** MIA)
* Asian Staple Foods, 15th Century (*)
* Native American Indians, pre-contact (**)
* Aztec Empire (**)
* Aztec Empire (*)
* Inca Empire (**)
* Inca Empire (*)

Modern Era


* Age of Discovery (***)
* Voyages of Discovery (*)
* Discovery of Latin America (**)
* Hyperhistory, Modern Era (****)
* First Voyage of Columbus with links to maps of subsequent voyages (***)
o The news spreads (**)
* Mexico and Central America, 1500-1700 (***)
* New Spain and Peru (**)
* Slave Trade (* MIA)
* African Diaspora: Western and Eastern Hemispheres (*)
* Ottoman Empire
o Ottoman Growth (*)
o Rise and Fall (**)
o Ottoman Empire (***)
o 1566 (*)
o Ottoman Empire (*)
o Ottoman Empire (*)
* Hungary during the Ottoman occupation (**)
* Mughal India (**)
* Renaissance and Reformation (*** MIA)
* Reformation (*)
* Jewish Immigration, Poland, to 1600 (** MIA)
* France, ca. 1600 (***)
* Huguenot Escape Routes (* MIA)
* Paris (***)
* Dreißigjahrige Krieg: Bevolkerungsverluste, 30-Years War (**)
* Williamite War, Ireland, 1688-91 (***)
* Cities of the Netherlands 1652 (****)
* Ceylon, 1560-1766 (***)
* Italian Cities, 1761 (**** MIA)
* North America 1713 (*)
* North American Fur Trade (**)
* Henry Hudson (*)
* Seven Years War
o Frederick the Great's Campaigns and Battles (***)
o French and Indian War (***)
o Siege of Quebec (**)
* Age of Revolution (***)
* French Revolution (***)
* Irish Rebellion, 1798 (***)
* Switzerland 1798 (**)
* Germany, 1792-1815 (***)
* Napoleonic Wars
o West Point Atlas (****)
o Napoleonic Battles (****)
o Napoleonic Guide (***)
o Battles & Campaigns, antique maps (****)
o Russian Campaign (**)
o Peninsular War (***)
o Battle of Waterloo (*)
o Battle of Waterloo (**)
o Battle of Waterloo: new or old (**)
o Battle of Austerlitz (***)
* 19th Century Europe (***)
* Antique Atlases: 1813 and 1835 (**** MIA)
* Irish Famine, 1845-50 (**)
* Australia at first contact (**)
* Australian Colonies (*)
* British India, scroll down about halfway for the list of maps. (** MIA)
* British India (**)
* Royal Canadian Mounted Police, 1874 (**)
* Western Civ. (***)
* Das Deutsche Reich 1871 - 1918 (**)
* German Empire (*)
* Scramble for Africa
o Anglo-Zulu War, 1879 (***)
o Congo Free State (**)
o Imperialism in Africa (**)
o Pre-Colonial Africa, 1884 (**)
o Ethiopia 1900 *
o South African War (**)
o South African War, 1899-1902 (*** MIA)
o Anglo-Boer War (*)

United States of America


* United States of America
o Generally
+ Perry-Castañeda Library (****)
+ Growth of the United States: by state or by county (@**)
+ Animated Atlas (@**)
+ Images of American Political History: borders, elections, demographics, etc. (****)
+ West Point Atlas: includes detailed campaign maps of most of America's Wars. (****)
+ U.S. Territorial Maps 1775-1920 (***)
+ Biography of America (*****)
+ Timeline: A Narrative History. Misc. maps and images (***)
+ United States Digital Map Library (****)
+ Samples of American History (*** MIA)
+ New York State (****)
+ County Formation, New York 1683-1915 (@**)
+ Texas (*****)
+ Ohio (****)
+ Crossroads of Empire: Early Maps of Texas and the Southwest (****)
o Chronologically
+ American History to 1865 (****)
+ Native American Tribes (** MIA)
+ DeSoto (*)
+ Pequot War (**)
+ Colonial New England (**)
+ Colonial American Slavery (#*)
+ Ethnicity 1760 (*)
+ Revolutionary War: see below.
+ Early America (***)
+ Fallen Timbers (***)
+ Lewis & Clark (#**)
+ War of 1812 (***)
+ Cherokees (**)
+ Missouri Compromise (*)
+ Santa Fe Trail (*)
+ Trail of Tears (**); and here (*)
+ Mormons (***)
+ Mexican War (* MIA)
+ Mexican War (***)
+ Mexican War (***)
+ Donner Party (**)
+ Underground Railroad, and another. (**)
+ Civil War: see below.
+ Pony Express (**)
+ Reconstruction (**)
+ Wounded Knee (**)
+ 1895 Atlas of the United States (****)
+ Spanish-American War (***)
+ Ethnic relations in 20th Century America (***)
+ 20th Century Floods (**)
+ Worst places to live (**)
o New York City
+ New Amsterdam, 1600s (**)
+ Subway (****)
+ Long Is. (****)
+ Metro Area, 1928- (****)
+ Coney Island (****)
o Chicago
+ Chicago Fire (**)
+ Chicago 1886 (**)
+ Chicago's L's (****)
o Los Angeles
+ L.A. and the Problem of Urban Historical Knowledge (*****)
+ Streetcars, 1910 (*)
+ Venice (***)
+ LA Rock & Roll Road Map (***)
+ L.A. Street Gangs (***)
* American Revolution
o West Point Atlas (****)
o Historical Maps from Early America (***)
o America in 1775: new map or old (**)
o American Revolution (* MIA)
o Battles
+ American Revolution, clickable site map (*)
+ Bunker Hill: A, B, C (**)
+ Bunker Hill
+ Lexington & Concord (**)
+ Monmouth (also here) (**)
+ NY Campaigns (**)
+ Saratoga (*)
+ Yorktown. Scroll to the end. (**)
+ Yorktown (**)
+ Yorktown
* American Civil War
o West Point Atlas (****)
o Battle Maps (****)
o Civil_War Battles (*** MIA)
o Contemporary Civil War Maps and Charts (**** MIA)
o Eastern Theater (*** MIA)
o Eastern Theater (***)
o Richmond, Va. (****)
o Map Room for This Week in the Civil War. (*****)
o Civil War (***)
o Selected unit histories (#**)
o J.W. Boothe's Escape (**)
o Battles
+ Civil War battles by state (***)
+ Antietam, map (@**)
+ Antietam (***)
+ Antietam (**)
+ Ball's Bluff (*)
+ Bentonville: 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 (***)
+ Cedar Mountain, and the Paths of Alpheus Williams, 1862 (@**)
+ Chattanooga (**)
+ First Bull Run (**)
+ Fishing Creek (**)
+ Five Forks (* MIA)
+ Fredericksburg (**)
+ Fredericksburg (**)
+ Gettysburg (**)
+ Gettysburg's First Hours (@**)
+ Manfield (**)
+ Nashville (*)
+ New Madrid and Island No. 10 (*)
+ Olustee: 1, 2, 3 & 4 (**)
+ Petersburg (***)
+ Shepherdstown (*)
+ Shiloh (**)
+ Vicksburg (****)
+ The Wilderness (**)
+ Wilson's Creek (*)

The Twentieth Century


* The Twentieth Century
o The World in the 20th Century: Black and white. (***)
o 20th Century Europe, 1914-49 (***)
o Historical Atlas of the 20th Century (You are here.)
* World ca. 1900 (**)
* Tunguska impact ( MIA)or here (*)
* Philippine-American Wars 1899-1913 (** MIA)
* 20th Century Africa (*)
* ANZAC: Australia's wars (***)
* Age of Imperialism (***)
* Balkan Wars (** MIA)
* History 315: including ethno-linguistic maps of Europe before and after World War I. Also, Europe after 1990. (** MIA)
* First World War, 1914-18
o West Point Atlas (****)
o Trenches on the Web, Map Room (****)
o BBC: Western Front (@**)
o The Great War: PBS (***)
o La Premiere Guerre mondiale (***)
o Erster Weltkrieg (***)
o Geography of the Great War (***)
o Verdun (***)
o Verdun (**)
o Somme (**)
o 2nd Ypres (**)
o Russian Revolution (*)
o Armenian Genocide (**)
o The Versailles Treaty, 1919 (***)
o The Treaty of Sèvres, 1920 (**)
o French Front (**)
* Russian Civil War (***)
* Démographie de la Russie et de son Empire (***)
* China in Revolution (*** MIA)
* Chinese Civil Wars: West Point Atlas (***)
* Antarctic Exploration (***)
* Spanish Civil War, 1936-39
o At the start (**)
o 1936 (**)
o Air Bases (*)
* Europe 1930-39 (**)
* Interwar Germany (***)
* Ethnic Map of Europe (**)
* Europe and China between the World Wars: University of San Diego (***)
* Second World War, 1939-45
o La Seconde Guerre mondiale (*****)
o II. Világháborús térképtár: World War II Maps. Click the traffic light for animation. (@*****)
o West Point Atlas: European and Pacific Theaters of Operation. (****)
o World War II: University of San Diego (****)
o World War II: Indiana State University (****)
o World War II: from the WW2 era. (****)
o OnWar.com (****)
o Interactive WW2 maps (**)
o German expansion, 1938-40 (***)
o Nanjing Massacre (*)
o Occupied Poland (**)
o Russo-Finnish War (**)
o Russo-Finnish Wars (**)
o Battle of Britain (** MIA)
o Katyn Massacre (**)
o Attack on Pearl Harbor (**)
o Battle of Pearl Harbor (**)
o Japanese-American Relocation Camps (**)
o Japanese-American Relocation Camps (*)
o Battle of Stalingrad (**)
o Battle of Guadalcanal (**)
o MacArthur and the Pacific War (*** MIA)
o Battle of Kursk (***)
o Normandy Invasion, Shockwave (*****)
o Battle of Leyte Gulf (***)
o Battle of Peleliu (***)
o Battle of the Bulge (**)
* Holocaust
o Teachers Guide to the Holocaust: Atlas (*****)
o Holocaust Museum, Bronx H.S. of Science (***)
o Jewish Student Online Research Center (****)
o Camps (**)
o Death marches and evacuations, 1944-45 (**)
o Einsatzgruppen massacres in Eastern Europe (**)
o Map of Holocaust Deaths (*)
* Apres 1945. The post-war world (***)
* Founding of the United Nations, 1945: from the UN (**)
* Europe 1947 (**)
* Cold War
o CNN (*****)
o Cold War (***)
o Europe at end of World War II (**)
o Warsaw Pact (* MIA)
o Berlin Wall (***)
o Divided Berlin (*)
o Cuban Missile Crisis (*)
o Nuclear Proliferation (#**)
* Middle East, 20th Century, from Dartmouth (*****)
* Israel
o Israel in Maps (*****) [won't work if cookies are disabled]
o The Jewish Agency for Israel: Arab-Israel Conflict (*****)
o West Point Atlas: Arab-Israeli Wars (****)
o Arab Gateway: Palestine: Maps. A similar collection of maps is at PASSIA (****)
o ABC News: Israel (***)
o UN: Question of Palestine (***)
o Focus on Jerusalem: Rebirth of Israel (***)
o Masada 2000: History of Israel & "Palestine" (***)
o History 210 (***)
* Korean War, 1950-53
o Korean War (****)
o Korean War (**)
o West Point Atlas (****)
o U.S. Army Center of Military History (****)
o Hamhung (**)
* European Union Development 1951-97 (**)
* Hungarian Revolution, 1956 (* MIA)
* Bay of Pigs (** MIA)
* Vietnam War
o Vietnam War, 1965-73 (****)
o West Point Atlas (****)
o History 183, The Vietnam War (***)
o PBS (#***)
o Tet Offensive (*)
* Cambodian Genocide (***)
* Bangladeshi War of Independence (**)
* Changes in Government, 1962-89 (*)
* Argentina, secret detention centers during the Dirty War, 1976-83 (**)
* Maps of the Soviet Union (***)
* Bhopal Disaster or here (*)
* Chernobyl Nuclear Accident (***)
* AIDS in Africa (@**)
* Gulf War, 1991
o PBS (***)
o Battle maps (@**)
o Allied plan (**)
o Desert Storm (**)
* An Atlas of Cyberspace (*****)
* Le Monde Diplomatique, maps of recent events (*****)
* Zairan Crisis, 1996 (*)
* War in Zaire (**)

Hidden, Revealed or Imagined


* Fiction
o Austen's England (*)
o Burroughs' Barsoom (***)
o Chandler's Los Angeles (**)
o Chaucer's Road to Canterbury (**)
o Dante's Hell (#**)
o Boccaccio's Decameron (***)
o Dickens's London (**)
o Gilligan's Island, (#**)
o The Grapes of Wrath (**)
o Hardy's Wessex
+ Interactive Wessex (**)
+ Thomas Hardy Assoc. (***)
+ Wessex (**)
o Joyce's Dublin (***)
o Joyce's Dublin (***)
o King's Maine (**) and here (*)
o Literary Maps (***)
o Lovecraft
+ New England (***)
+ Innsmouth (**)
+ New England (*)
o Marvel [Comics] Atlas Project (***)
o Mayberry, North Carolina (**)
o Oz (*)
o Robotech (***)
o Shakespearian England (***)
o Sherlock Holmes Atlas (***)
o Simpson's Springfield (**)
o Star Wars (**)
o Star Trek Galaxy
+ ST Galaxy (****)
+ ST Galaxy (***)
+ ST Galaxy (*** MIA)
+ ST Galaxy (**)
+ ST Galaxy (** MIA)
+ Voyager (**)
+ Klingon Empire (**)
o Steinbeck Country (** MIA)
o To Kill a Mockingbird (#**)
o Tolkien's Middle Earth
+ Tolkien Atlas (*****)
+ La Terra di Mezzo (****)
+ Some ME maps (***)
+ M.E. (***)
+ 3-D (*)
o Treasure Island by RL Stevenson (*)
o Winnie the Pooh's 100 Aker Wood (**)
o The Wizard's Atlas: Harry Potter (***)
* Society for Creative Anachronism (**)
* Paranormal
o Agharta (**)
o Anomalous Big Cats in the UK (***)
o Area 51 (**)
o Area 51 (*** MIA)
o Area 51 (***)
o Atlantis (***)
o Atlantis (**)
o Atlantis (*)
o Bermuda Triangle (*)
o Bermuda Triangle (***)
o Bigfoot range (*)
o Elvis Sightings (*)
o Lemurian Age (*)
o Lemuria (* MIA)
o Loch Ness (**)
o Lost Tribes of Israel (**)
o Lost Tribes of Israel (***)
o Lost Tribes of Israel (**)
o Mu (**)
o Nazca Lines (*)
o Piri Reis Map (**)
o Power Spots (*)
o Texas Bigfoot (**)
o Troy in England (**)
o UFO Map Displays (*****)
o Underground UFO Bases in the World (*)
* New World Order (*)
* Prophecy:
o Armageddon (*)
o Biblical Prophesy (**)
o Canadian World Domination (**)
o Earth Changes (***)
o Earth Changes (***)
o Middle East Invasion (*)
o MidNorAmHemi (*)
o New Geography: Pole Shift and Volcanic Gloom (**)
o Prophecy for 1999 and beyond (**)
o Prophecy Center (**)
o Texas and the USA (**)
o Trumpet Sounds (***)

General Reference Sites

Online Map Libraries and Impressive Link Lists:

* About.com: Geography
* Cartographic Images Home Page: Antique maps of Ancient, Medieval and Renaissance times. (****)
* Culture 4.0 Historical Maps (****)
* Library of Congress Online Map Collection: The place to start for US History. (****)
* Map Design (****)
* Odden's Bookmarks
* Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection: University of Texas. The most popular online antique map library. (****)
* Rare Map Collection, the Hargrett Library, University of Georgia. Primarily American History (****)
* ReliefWeb: maps of current and past humanitarian emergencies and natural disasters. (****)

Online Histories of the Twentieth Century:

* The 1900s: American headlines and audio clips
* About.com: 20th Century History: A variety of essays, images, and links.
* Bad Fads
* A Century of Physics
* Greatest Engineering Achievements of the 20th Century: technology and inventions.
* More or Less: heroes and killers of the 20th Century
* [name]: recent history as the Sims
* PBS: People's Century
* PBS: Science Odyssey
* The Dictatorship.com
* Top Economic Events of the Twentieth Century, The Dismal Scientist MIA
* Twentieth Century History Glossary

Useful Historical Reference Sites:

* History at PBS: Companion sites to Frontline, The American Experience, The 1900 House and others.
* BBC History: The history of Great Britain
* Countries of the World: E-Conflict World Encyclopedia (***)
* Flags of the World
* Military History Encyclopedia on the Web (*****)
* World Statesmen since 1700, including maps, flags, constitutions, and national anthems.
* Guide and Index to Lists of Rulers: King lists and empire maps. (***)
* Zarate's Political Collections: Heads of state and of government.
* Heads of State and Government Leaders of the World
* History of Democracy

Classification Guide

(*****) Many detailed maps, drawn especially for display on the Internet.

(****) Many detailed maps, apparently scanned from printed sources.

(***) Intermediate number of maps -- say, 4 to 15.

(**) Single map, very detailed. Maybe two or three.

(*) Single map, basic information. May be useful for homework assignments.

(@) Animated maps.

(#) Above-average interactivity.

NOTE: I'm not judging the quality of these maps, only the quantity. I'm trying to assess the amount of work that went into them and the amount of information you're likely to get back. And I'm only assessing the maps themselves, not the non-cartographic information accompanying them on the site. (A one-star map could easily illustrate a five-star essay.)

Also, my primary purpose here is to locate and link to historical maps (those which illustrate history) rather than antique maps (those which originated long ago) -- although there is quite a bit of overlap.

MIA: If a link is tagged with a neon MIA, it means that the last time I checked, it had disappeared. Even so, I don't want to be too hasty in weeding dead links, so I'll just wait awhile and hope that it's just a temporary glich which will be fixed in a jiffy. Those sites that I've entirely given up all hope of ever seeing again have been moved to my missing links page.